Variable

ADF Statistics

Critical Value

Verification Model

Conclusion

LnTrade

−2.599

−3.261^*

(C, T, 2)

Unstable

LnGDP1

−0.610

−3.255^*

(C, T, 1)

Unstable

LnGDP2

−1.302

−3.261^*

(C, T, 1)

Unstable

LnGDP3

−3.169

−3.261^*

(C, T, 2)

Unstable

ΔLnTrade

−2.868

−2.679^***

(0, 0, 2)

Unstable

ΔLnGDP1

−3.207

−3.012^**

(C, 0, 2)

Unstable

ΔLnGDP2

−2.991

−2.646^*

(C, 0, 2)

Stable

ΔLnGDP3

−2.646

−2.332

(C, 0, 2)

Stable