M1

M2

M3

β

t

β

t

β

t

Abusive supervision

0.229

5.028***

−0.435

−10.284***

0.089

1.826

LMX

−0.324

−6.663***

R²

0.51

0.187

0.134

F

25.282***

105.759***

36.018***