Characteristics

Studies

High expect returns from requirements solutions

Morrison, Roberts, & Midgley (2004)

Oosterloo (2010)

Strong dissatisfaction with the existing products

Lüthje & Herstatt (2004)

Conradie et al. (2016)

Belz & Baumbach (2010)

Pajo et al. (2013)

Potential as a leader

Belz & Baumbach (2010)

Pajo et al. (2013)

Liu et al. (2019)

Zhang, Li, & Yu (2019)

Participation

Lüthje & Herstatt (2004)

Belz & Baumbach (2010)

Pajo et al. (2013)

Liu et al. (2019)

Adopting new products faster than ordinary users

Pajo et al. (2013)

Extensive product knowledge

Lüthje & Herstatt (2004)

Belz & Baumbach (2010)

Rich experience in product use

Lüthje & Herstatt (2004)

Conradie et al. (2016)

Belz & Baumbach (2010)

Pajo et al. (2013)