Torch Angle (˚)

FE modelling predictions (Peak values)

Peak Temperature (˚C)

distortion on horizontal plate (mm)

distortion on vertical plate (mm)

Von Mises residual stress (MPa)

Plastic strain (−)

−8

2141

0.456

0.245

943

0.455

−6

2152

0.450

0.266

943

0.460

−4

2160

0.446

0.289

943

0.475

−2

2165

0.442

0.311

941

0.471

Default

2171

0.439

0.331

938

0.484

2

2177

0.437

0.351

936

0.480

4

2181

0.435

0.373

936

0.506

6

2182

0.434

0.395

933

0.505

8

2181

0.432

0.417

930

0.506