Experimental Variables

Description of Variables

Independent Variables

CSR-informational advertising

The advertising uses textual descriptions to publicize CSR efforts.

CSR-transformational advertising

The advertising highlights a single story to publicize CSR efforts.

High-NFC individuals

The individuals repeatedly deliberate and analyze received messages and prefer solving complex problems; they are satisfied by rational thinking.

Low-NFC individuals

The individuals are unlikely to repeatedly deliberate and analyze received messages and prefer simple problem-solving methods; they are satisfied by initiative thinking.

Dependent Variables

Attitudes toward the ad (Aad)

The attitudes represented consumers’ overall reaction to advertising after receiving the advertising message.

Attitudes toward the brand (Ab)

The attitudes represented consumers’ overall impression of the product brand in the advertisement after receiving advertising messages.