(FE)

(RE)

(RE)

(RE)

Trading partners’ population-log

0.429

0.216**

0.217**

0.189**

(0.527)

(0.100)

(0.101)

(0.090)

Trading partners’ GDP-log

0.200**

0.403***

0.401***

0.392***

(0.091)

(0.065)

(0.065)

(0.062)

Distance between populous cities

(dropped)

−0.685**

−0.685**

−0.604**

(0.297)

(0.297)

(0.294)

Export incentives-percent

0.004

−0.082**

−0.081**

−0.120***

(0.032)

(0.032)

(0.032)

(0.028)

Importers’ tariff rates-percent

−0.008

−0.015

−0.015

(0.030)

(0.027)

(0.027)

Nepal’s governance index

−0.337**

−0.270*

−0.271*

(0.152)

(0.148)

(0.148)

Partners’ landlockedness

(dropped)

0.007

(0.425)

Number of observations

1048

1048

1048

1156

Number of groups

126

126

126

139

F/Wald-statistics

4.50

109.10

105.11

100.32

R-squared

0.49

0.58

0.56

0.52