OVERINVi,t

OCi,t

OVERINVi,t

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6

Model 7

EI_ALLi,t

−0.0366***

0.1437**

−0.0474***

(−3.47)

(2.36)

(−3.58)

EI_RSi,t

−0.3885***

0.1523**

−0.0492***

(−4.26)

(2.41)

(−4.57)

EI_OPi,t

−0.2869

0.1416**

−0.2762

(−1.14)

(2.33)

(−1.23)

OCi,t

0.136***

0.138***

0.138***

−3.00

−3.04

−3.05

CFi,t−1

0.0422**

0.0444**

0.0122**

0.0125*

0.0132*

−2.32

−2.44

−2.27

−1.77

−1.81

AMDi,t−1

0.0122

0.013

0.0417**

0.0425**

0.0448**

−0.8

−0.84

−2.3

−2.35

−2.47

ORAi,t−1

−0.0323*

−0.0316*

0.0317*

−0.0327*

0.032**

(−1.69)

(−1.65)

−1.66

(−1.71)

−1.68

LEVi,t−1

0.105***

0.101***

−0.0368*

−0.0398*

0.106***

0.105***

0.1000***

−5.17

−4.95

(−1.89)

(−1.94)

−5.24

−5.17

−4.94

SOEi,t−1

0.201***

0.212***

−0.0111***

−0.0177***

0.198***

0.201***

0.213***

−6.7

−7.03

(−3.32)

(−3.26)

−6.59

−6.71

−7.05

EBDi,t−1

0.0126

0.0106

−0.0283**

−0.0273**

0.014

0.013

0.011

−1.01

−0.85

(−2.14)

(−2.12)

−1.12

−1.04

−0.88

SIZEi,t−1

−0.142***

−0.141***

0.271***

0.271***

−0.14***

−0.138***

−0.137***

(−7.00)

(−6.99)

−4.98

−4.98

(−6.9)

(−6.8)

(−6.8)

GROWTHi,t−1

0.0445***

0.0485***

0.155***

0.154***

0.04**

0.0416**

0.0456***

−2.59

−2.82

−4.2

−4.14

−2.34

−2.44

−2.67

ROEi,t−1

0.0137**

0.0138**

−2.33

−2.14

PBi,t−1

−0.0643

−0.0648

(−0.14)

(−1.48)

TURNi,t−1

−0.0207

−0.0224

(−0.5)

(−0.54)

cons

−0.092***

−0.0748***

−1.766***

−1.779***

−0.111***

−1.113***

−0.0953***

(−5.05)

(−3.96)

(−6.32)

(−6.83)

(−6.00)

(−6.1)

(−5.00)

Year

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

Industry

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

N

5188

5188

5188

5188

5188

5188

5188

Adj_R2

0.1695

0.1536

0.1572

0.1802

0.1932

Likelihood ratio

243.6427***

263.2546***