| 30 | 2004 MP&M | Chen & Wang | Leverage effect; 1999-2003 | EGARCH due to Nelson (1991)(**) | Past innovation and current volatility = asymmetrical; inherent in these markets |
| 31 | 2005 TEP | Adland & Cullinane | The ET in bulk shipping rejected |
| Risk premium time varying depending on freight market conditions & duration of time charters |
| 32 | 1995 MP&M(*) | Tamvakis, M.N. | Two-tier spot freight market for crude oil tankers |
| See also Strandenes S (1999) |
| 33 | 1989 TEP | Hale and Vanags | Spot and period rates; dry bulk |
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| 34 | 1992 MP&M | Hale and Vanags | 2nd hand ship market | Efficiency; co-integration |
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| 35 | 1995 | Bjerksund & Ekern | Cash-flows in shipping | Mean reverting; Real options |
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| 36 | 1998 LSE | Kavussanos M | Freight risks in tankers |
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