Researcher/year

what it is

Ryan (2006)

A score report was defined as a form of communication, with a sender, message, medium, intent, and audience. The message of a score report is ultimately interconnected to the other report aspects of sender, medium, intent, and audience, and is a culmination of decisions about what intended users of test scores need to know and how it can be presented to them in user-friendly ways.

Hambleton & Zenisky (2013)

A score report is a page containing a test score printed on it for a test taker, along with basic administration data such as test date, examinee name and contact information, and perhaps a performance-level classification such as pass-fail, or a description of a psychological state into which a respondent has been classified.

Zapata-Rivera & Katz (2014)

A score report is the bridge between the information captured by the test and the decisions or actions of the information-users.

Zenisky & Hambleton (2015)

A score report has most commonly been a physical piece of paper sent home with children or mailed to examinees’ addresses from a testing agency. As a general rule, such reports are conceptualized as stand-alone and complete, so the narrative structure of the document’s contents has had to reflect that orientation.

Rankin (2016)

Score reports have the purpose of communicating data, through tables, graphs and words to achieve a purpose, typically helping to turn data into actionable information for the intended audience.