Batch experiment (pH: 7.22 - 8.56)

sediment

Water

32,000 - 80,000

(Liu et al., 2019)

Batch adsorption test (solid-solution ratio: 0.2:20; pH: 8; contact time: 2 h; 25˚C)

calcareous soil (single metal systems)

Water

5517.3

(Mahzari et al., 2013)

Batch desorption method (solid-solution ratio: 3:30; alkaline (pH 7.87), acidic (pH 4.95); contact time: 24 h; 20˚C)

amended Alfisol1

Water

82 - 46.9

50 - 300 mg/L

(Shaheen et al., 2018)

amended Alfisol2

231.9 - 117.3

amended Alfisol3

1116.6 - 453.1

amended Entisol1

64.3 - 26.1

amended Entisol2

70.2 - 2.3

amended Entisol3

81.3 - 9.7

Batch equilibrium adsorption experiment (solid-solution ratio: 2:20; pH: 6.5; contact time: 24 h)

Topsoil (A horizon, 0 - 20 cm)

De-ionized water

105 - 4598

(Soares et al., 2021)

Batch equilibrium adsorption experiment (solid-solution ratio: 1:20; pH: 2 - 9; contact time: 24 h)

control soil

Water

1.1 - 4633.5

(Tahervand & Jalali, 2017)

bentonite-amended soil

5.9 - 6929.5

calcite-amended soil

4.5 - 6592.6

zeolite-amended soil

5.6 - 4750.0

Batch equilibrium adsorption experiment (solid-solution ratio: 2:50; contact time: 24 h)

Acidic soil (pH: 4 - 7)

Water

370 - 2400

(Venegas et al., 2015)

Treated soil

9.0 - 4860

Batch method

profile soil

10³ - 10⁴

(Yuan et al., 2017)

Batch method

lacustrine sediment

268.917 - 826.688

(Yuan et al., 2020)

Batch method

Sediment (Jan. 2014)

Deionized water

3.49 - 3.95

(Zhang et al., 2018)

Sediment (Jan. 2014)

4.03 - 4.51

Sediment (whole 2014)

3.49 - 4.51

Batch-type desorption experiment (solid-solution ratio: 1:10; contact time: 2 h)

Calcareous soils

Water

1766.2 - 4317.9

50 - 400 mg/L

(Jalali & Hourseresht, 2017)

Calcareous soils

2029.6 - 3704.8

51 - 400 mg/L

Batch experiment

Sediment

4.40 × 10⁰ - 2.94 × 10⁵

(Boyer et al., 2018)