L/D ratio

Ultimate load (N)

Variation of batter pile load with respect to the vertical pile

% increase

% decrease

% decrease

15˚

30˚

45˚

15˚

30˚

45˚

12

175

220

120

75

25.71

57.14

57.14

18

235

255

210

95

7.84

31.43

59.57

24

255

285

250

150

11.76

1.96

41.18

30

280

310

265

175

10.71

5.38

37.50

36

340

360

300

175

5.88

11.76

48.53

42

365

390

330

180

6.85

9.59

50.68

48

395

440

370

180

11.39

6.33

54.43

56

415

475

395

180

14.45

4.82

56.63

62

465

520

430

190

11.83

7.53

59.14

68

495

550

460

220

11.11

7.07

55.56

Average (%)

11.75

9.5

52.04