With help from extended family members

Form of single female parenting

Urban setting (Bukavu)

Semi-rural setting (Mudaka)

Rural area (Kaziba)

Passive

2

2

3

Housed mothers

1

2

3

Mothers who entrust their children

-

1

3

Active-

2

2

2

With help of relationship networks

Passive

-

-

-

Housed mothers

2

-

-

Mothers who entrust their children

1

-

-

Active

2

1

2