Dependent variable

Independent variables

β

t

R²

ΔR²

1 (path c)

risk-taking behavior

Social exclusion

0.31

3.45***

0.10

0.09

2 (path a)

State self-esteem

Social exclusion

−0.59

−7.70***

0.35

0.34

3 (path b)

risk-taking behavior

State self-esteem

−0.27

−.63**

0.11

0.10

(path c’)

Social exclusion

0.17

2.40**