This study

Watanabe et al., (2015)

Subjects

Elementary school students

University students

N

22

33

Main effects

Map

n.s.

n.s.

Possibility of overall view

No > Yes

No > Yes

Number of pillars

8 > 4

8 > 4

Number of trials

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Sub-effect test

4 pillars

Overall view not possible > possible

n.s.

8 pillars

Overall view not possible > possible

Overall view not possible > possible

8 pillars, overall view not possible

n.s.

Map B > Map A