Variables

PSO

ACO

Hybrid

Pg1, MW

168.163

167.937

105.71

Pg2, MW

46.232

45.827

74.445

Pg3, MW

23.957

23.211

38.329

Pg4, MW

15.328

18.185

35.517

Pg5, MW

18.541

17.248

19.278

Pg6, MW

23.789

25.157

12.248

Vg1

1.065

1.074

1.045

Vg2

1.054

1.063

1.043

Vg3

0.9002

0.9098

0.998

Vg4

1.100

1.104

1.009

Vg5

1.017

1.019

1.014

Vg6

1.066

1.078

1.047

T6-9, pu

1.015

1.019

1.012

T6-10, pu

0.980

0.998

0.971

T4-12, pu

1.034

1.045

1.023

T27-28, pu

1.016

1.017

1.014

Cost ($/hr)

814.76

815.6

805.4

Loss (MW)

9.924

9.98

6.321

VSI (p.u)

0.1407

0.1482

0.1127

Execution time (s)

1.4724

1.6245

1.5348