variable | level value | First order difference value | ||||
LLC test | ADP test | PP test | LLC test | ADP test | PP test | |
lngdp | 7.486 (1.000) | 3.323 (1.000)) | 2.667 (1.000) | −5.338 (0.000*) | 66.778 (0.024**) | 69.400 (0.015**) |
lntii | 3/394 (0.999) | 10.414 (1.000) | 11.596 (1.000) | −−9.685 (0.000*) | 101.477 (0.000*) | 153.811 (0.000*) |
lnfai | 14.814 (1.000) | 1.886 (1.000) | 0.019 (1.000) | −6.139 (0.000*) | 121.327 (0.000*) | 139.100 (0.000*) |
lnfdi | 5.365 (1.000) | 8.637 (1.000) | 6.755 (1.000) | −14.709 (0.000*) | 255.783 (0.000*) | 249.036 (0.000*) |
lniet | −0.843 (0.199) | 9.563 (1.000) | 14.737 (1.000) | −16.3811 (0.000) | 224.759 (0.000*) | 341.786 (0.000*) |
lnfbe | −0.938 (0.174) | 48.291 (0.381) | 46.008 (0.472) | −6.693 (0.000*) | 111.029 (0.000*) | 162.114 (0.000*) |
lnrd | 7.223 (1.000) | 3.084 (1.000) | 2.299 (1.000) | −32.950 (0.000*) | 263.251 (0.000*) | 287.169 (0.000*) |
lnocs | 2.886 (0.998) | 10.474 (0.999) | 1.307 (1.000) | −18.639 (0.000*) | 128.757 (0.000*) | 216.661 (0.000*) |
lnrde | 3.833 (0.999) | 27.491 (0.986) | 31.887 (0.943) | −7.283 (0.000*) | 101.759 (0.000*) | 109.335 (0.000*) |