The “3-faced construct validation method”

Preliminary phase

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Finalizing

Data split randomly in 3 parts (20% EFA-40% CFA1-40% CFA2)

EFA Establish a factor structure

First CFA (CFA 1) Test alternative models

Second CFA in a sample of equal power (CFA 2 or twin CFA)

Measurement Invariance

Actors gender and age

Description of Method Phase

Data screening

Univariate & Multivariate Normality

Standard EFA

Bifactor EFA

CFA methods used: ICM-CFA ESEM Bifactor CFA Bifactor ESEM

Cross-validation of optimal model found in step 2

Multi-group CFA

Level of method application

Entire Sample and 3 subsamples

SUBSAMPLE 20%

SUBSAMPLE 40%

SUBSAMPLE 40%

Entire Sample