High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

Non-Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

Common Causes

Low Potassium

· Lactic Acidosis

· Ketoacidosis

· Acute kidney injury

· Chronic kidney disease

· Ethylene glycol poisoning

· Methanol poisoning

· Salicylate overdose/poisoning

· Renal Tubular Acidosis

· GI losses/Diarrhea

· Ureteral diversions

· Surgical drainage or fistula

· Post-hypocapnic acidosis

Uncommon Causes

Normal or High Potassium

· Diethylene glycol poisoning

· Propylene Glycol poisoning

· 5-oxoproline acidosis

· d-lactic acidosis

· Renal tubular acidosis

· Early renal failure

· Hydronephrosis

· Hypoaldosteronism

· Drug-induced

· Addition of inorganic acids

· Sulfur toxicity

· Cholestyramine

Other

· Excessive fluid administration/expansion acidosis

· Cation exchange resin