Species | Habits | Cambial variants | Stem diameter (mm) | Shape of pith | Pith diameter (mm) | Number of cvb | Parenchyma proliferation | Length of cvb (mm) | Width of cvb (mm) | Length of rays (mm) | Width of rays (mm) | Outwards change of ray width | Vessels/ per xylem | Vessels /mm2 | Vessel diameter (μm) |
Cissampelos pareira L. var. hirsuta (DC.) Forman | Liana | Xylem in plates | 3.0 | Irregular | - | 7 - 8 | 0 | 0.9 - 1.3 | 0.4 - 0.6 | 0.5 - 0.9 | 0.2 - 0.4 | 1 | 30 | 60 | 2 - 86 |
Cocculus laurifolius DC. | Shrub | Successive cambia | 8.3 - 14.8 | Suborbicular | 1.4 - 2.5 | 37 - 50 | 0 | 2.0 - 5.0 | 0.1 - 0.5 | 1.9 - 4.7 | 0.1 - 0.7 | 0/1 | - | - | <50 |
Cocculus orbiculatus (L.) DC. | Liana | Xylem in plates, dissected xylem | 8.6 - 15.6 | Nearly absent | - | 15 - 17 | 1 | 2.7 - 7.1 | 0.1 - 1.0 | 2.3 - 6.0 | 0.1 - 1.2 | 1 | 68 - 185 | 31 - 68 | 1 - 193 |
Cyclea gracillima Diels | Liana | Xylem in plates | 4.0 - 5.7 | Nearly absent | - | 8 | 1 | 1.4 - 2.8 | 0.2 - 0.8 | 1.1 - 2.4 | 0.3 - 0.5 | 1 | 31 - 67 | 35 - 36 | 1 - 177 |
Cyclea insularis (Makino) Hatusima | Liana | Xylem in plates | 3.5 - 9.4 | Compressed, suborbicular | 0.6 | 8 | 1 | 0.9 - 4.6 | 0.3 - 1.4 | 0.7 - 3.5 | 0.2 - 1.1 | 1 | 21 - 103 | 32 - 33 | 8 - 202 |
Cyclea ochiaiana (Yamam.) S. F. Huang & T. C. Huang, | Liana | Xylem in plates | 7.3 - 10.0 | Suborbicular | 0.6 | 9 | 1 | 2.5 - 5.9 | 1.0 - 2.2 | 2.2 - 4.8 | 0.5 - 1.1 | 1 | 94 - 182 | 34 - 38 | 3 - 222 |
Pericampylus glaucus (Lam.) Merr. | Liana | Xylem in plates | 4.5 - 5.8 | Suborbicular | 0.7 - 1.3 | 15 - 16 | 0 | 1.1 - 2.5 | 0.4 - 0.9 | 0.7 - 2.0 | 0.1 - 0.3 | 1 | 19 - 69 | 39 - 66 | 1 - 154 |
Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson, | Liana | Xylem in plates | 5.0 - 5.8 | Suborbicular | 1.7 - 1.9 | 20 - 22 | 0 | 1.2 - 2.0 | 0.3 - 0.6 | 0.7 - 1.5 | 0.1 - 0.2 | 0 | 28 - 55 | 63 - 78 | 2 - 235 |
Stephania cephalantha Hayata | Vine | Xylem in plates | 3.5 | Suborbicular | 1.4 | 17 | 0 | 0.5 - 0.9 | 0.2 - 0.6 | - | - | i | 11 | 35 | 2 - 125 |
Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers | Liana | Xylem in plates | 3.8 - 4.0 | Nearly absent | - | 8 | 0 | 1.1 - 2.1 | 0.7 - 1.2 | 0.9 - 1.5 | 0.1 - 0.4 | 0/1 | 28 - 29 | 35 - 40 | 1 - 199 |
Stephania longa Lour. | Vine | Xylem in plates | 2.1 | Suborbicular | 0.5 | 8 | 0 | 0.5 - 0.8 | 0.3 - 0.5 | 0.3 - 0.4 | 0.1 - 0.2 | 0 | 17 | 51 | 6 - 138 |
Stephania merrillii Diels | Liana | Xylem in plates | 7.8 - 7.9 | Suborbicular | 1.4 - 1.5 | 11 - 13 | 0 | 1.6 - 2.7 | 0.6 - 1.1 | 0.9 - 1.6 | 0.1 - 0.5 | 1 | 15 - 16 | 17 - 18 | 11 - 207 |
Stephania tetrandra S. Moore | Liana | Xylem in plates | 3.9 | Suborbicular | 0.9 | 12 | 0 | 0.6 - 1.0 | 0.4 - 0.5 | 0.4 - 0.6 | 0.1 | 1 | 7 | 19 | 8 - 136 |
Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. F. et Thoms | Liana | Xylem in plates | 9.6 - 11.0 | Suborbicular | 2.2 - 3.7 | 18 | 0 | 0.1 - 2.7 | 0.2 - 0.9 | 1.1 - 1.9 | 0.2 - 0.4 | 1 | 5 - 16 | 7 - 16 | 6 - 295 |
Tinospora dentata Diels. | Liana | Xylem in plates | 3.8 - 6.2 | Suborbicular | 0.9 | 11 - 12 | 0 | 0.9 - 2.4 | 0.4 - 1.1 | 0.6 - 1.6 | 0.1 - 0.3 | 1 | 34 - 45 | 40 - 67 | 4 - 117 |
Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. | Liana | Xylem in plates | 5.9 - 10.1 | Suborbicular | 2.9 - 4.6 | 19 - 20 | 0 | 0.5 - 1.8 | 0.2 - 0.5 | - | - | i | 7 - 9 | 11 - 14 | 2 - 123 |