Species

Habits

Cambial variants

Stem diameter (mm)

Shape of pith

Pith diameter (mm)

Number of cvb

Parenchyma proliferation

Length of cvb (mm)

Width of cvb (mm)

Length of rays (mm)

Width of rays (mm)

Outwards change of ray width

Vessels/ per xylem

Vessels /mm2

Vessel diameter (μm)

Cissampelos pareira L. var. hirsuta (DC.) Forman

Liana

Xylem in plates

3.0

Irregular

-

7 - 8

0

0.9 - 1.3

0.4 - 0.6

0.5 - 0.9

0.2 - 0.4

1

30

60

2 - 86

Cocculus laurifolius DC.

Shrub

Successive cambia

8.3 - 14.8

Suborbicular

1.4 - 2.5

37 - 50

0

2.0 - 5.0

0.1 - 0.5

1.9 - 4.7

0.1 - 0.7

0/1

-

-

<50

Cocculus orbiculatus (L.) DC.

Liana

Xylem in plates, dissected xylem

8.6 - 15.6

Nearly absent

-

15 - 17

1

2.7 - 7.1

0.1 - 1.0

2.3 - 6.0

0.1 - 1.2

1

68 - 185

31 - 68

1 - 193

Cyclea gracillima Diels

Liana

Xylem in plates

4.0 - 5.7

Nearly absent

-

8

1

1.4 - 2.8

0.2 - 0.8

1.1 - 2.4

0.3 - 0.5

1

31 - 67

35 - 36

1 - 177

Cyclea insularis (Makino) Hatusima

Liana

Xylem in plates

3.5 - 9.4

Compressed, suborbicular

0.6

8

1

0.9 - 4.6

0.3 - 1.4

0.7 - 3.5

0.2 - 1.1

1

21 - 103

32 - 33

8 - 202

Cyclea ochiaiana (Yamam.) S. F. Huang & T. C. Huang,

Liana

Xylem in plates

7.3 - 10.0

Suborbicular

0.6

9

1

2.5 - 5.9

1.0 - 2.2

2.2 - 4.8

0.5 - 1.1

1

94 - 182

34 - 38

3 - 222

Pericampylus glaucus (Lam.) Merr.

Liana

Xylem in plates

4.5 - 5.8

Suborbicular

0.7 - 1.3

15 - 16

0

1.1 - 2.5

0.4 - 0.9

0.7 - 2.0

0.1 - 0.3

1

19 - 69

39 - 66

1 - 154

Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson,

Liana

Xylem in plates

5.0 - 5.8

Suborbicular

1.7 - 1.9

20 - 22

0

1.2 - 2.0

0.3 - 0.6

0.7 - 1.5

0.1 - 0.2

0

28 - 55

63 - 78

2 - 235

Stephania cephalantha Hayata

Vine

Xylem in plates

3.5

Suborbicular

1.4

17

0

0.5 - 0.9

0.2 - 0.6

-

-

i

11

35

2 - 125

Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers

Liana

Xylem in plates

3.8 - 4.0

Nearly absent

-

8

0

1.1 - 2.1

0.7 - 1.2

0.9 - 1.5

0.1 - 0.4

0/1

28 - 29

35 - 40

1 - 199

Stephania longa Lour.

Vine

Xylem in plates

2.1

Suborbicular

0.5

8

0

0.5 - 0.8

0.3 - 0.5

0.3 - 0.4

0.1 - 0.2

0

17

51

6 - 138

Stephania merrillii Diels

Liana

Xylem in plates

7.8 - 7.9

Suborbicular

1.4 - 1.5

11 - 13

0

1.6 - 2.7

0.6 - 1.1

0.9 - 1.6

0.1 - 0.5

1

15 - 16

17 - 18

11 - 207

Stephania tetrandra S. Moore

Liana

Xylem in plates

3.9

Suborbicular

0.9

12

0

0.6 - 1.0

0.4 - 0.5

0.4 - 0.6

0.1

1

7

19

8 - 136

Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. F. et Thoms

Liana

Xylem in plates

9.6 - 11.0

Suborbicular

2.2 - 3.7

18

0

0.1 - 2.7

0.2 - 0.9

1.1 - 1.9

0.2 - 0.4

1

5 - 16

7 - 16

6 - 295

Tinospora dentata Diels.

Liana

Xylem in plates

3.8 - 6.2

Suborbicular

0.9

11 - 12

0

0.9 - 2.4

0.4 - 1.1

0.6 - 1.6

0.1 - 0.3

1

34 - 45

40 - 67

4 - 117

Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr.

Liana

Xylem in plates

5.9 - 10.1

Suborbicular

2.9 - 4.6

19 - 20

0

0.5 - 1.8

0.2 - 0.5

-

-

i

7 - 9

11 - 14

2 - 123