Items (n = 145)

WM

Highest

1) Choosing a research topic.

3.32

Capable

2) Picking an appropriate framework.

2.17

Slightly Capable

3) Writing research questions/statement of the problem.

3.31

Capable

4) Searching for related literature and studies.

3.17

Moderately Capable

5) Paraphrasing, quoting, and referencing.

2.17

Slightly Capable

6) Designing research instruments.

2.13

Slightly Capable

7) Designing research methodology.

3.20

Moderately Capable

8) Identifying sample respondents/participants.

3.36

Capable

9) Performing data analysis.

2.18

Slightly Capable

10) Interpreting the findings.

3.22

Moderately Capable

11) Writing conclusions and recommendations.

3.24

Moderately Capable

12) Formatting such as correct layouts of tables, margins, spacing, etc.

3.38

Capable

Overall Weighted Mean

2.91

Moderately Capable