Objects of DC¹	FC¹	Components of DC¹	Characterization	Notes and comments²
(i) Complementary dualities
Elementary particles	A	Particle	Material quantum of constant inertial mass	*Initially, the duality of photon was described when investigating black body radiation.³
	B	Wave	Wave lengths and refraction	*Formulation of Schrödinger equation became to be necessary for structural modeling of atoms and molecules.³
Biomembranes	A	Liquid mosaic	The model description included affinity interactions forming clusters of membrane molecules. The structure of these clusters can be dynamically changed in response to external stimuli via biochemical reactions or by means interactive cross-linking (Singer & Nicolson, 1972; Alberts et al., 2008) .	Model of biomembranes reflecting their duality was proposed (Zeng & Li, 2011) . Multiple liquid crystal states dependent on temperature values were described in individual cases of chemically prepared liquid crystals. In accordance with these observed model changes, consistent increase of biomembrane fluidity accompanied by the corresponding increased activities of certain immune functions or changes in sizes of mammalian cell subpopulations has been observed in response to fewer (Mace et al., 2011; Kobayashi et al., 2014; Zynda et al., 2015) . However the direct evidence of liquid crystal changes during fewer has not yet been presented.
	B	Liquid crystal	Formation of different gel and liquid crystalline biomembrane states depends on temperature changes, sound waves, neurotoxic non-receptor interaction of amyloids with cellular membranes during Alzheimer disease and perhaps also on infrared radiation (Helfrich, 1973; Fenske & Jarrell, 1991; Buchsteiner et al., 2010; Hirai et al., 2013; Lewicka et al., 2017; Bolmatov et al., 2020) .
(ii) Mutually intergrowing dualities⁴
Evolution of complex cognition	A	E-loops	Network forming pathways of response to elementary signal source	Gene duplications, recombinations and mutations, slippage mechanisms or other phylogenic changes in molecular (DNA, RNA or protein) segments variously responsible for molecular function or regulatory modification play important role in “interlaced” co-evolution of E-loops and EL-coordination (Wilson et al., 1998; Alberts et al., 2008) . The oldest declaration of E-loops comes from Laozi (1997) living in 6^th century B.C. The exact examples of E-loops can be seen in the book of Alberts (2008).
Evolution of complex cognition	B	EL-coordination	Crossing pathways of molecular signaling, expression of genes in cell nuclei, variously specific cell-cell communications and actions of specific organ centers (brain, endocrine system, bone marrow, etc.) can participate in coordination of overall or local responses of organisms to complex sources of multiple signals. These crossing pathways complete individual networks of E-loops.
Relicts of nucleo-organisms in question	A	Nucleo- organisms	Nucleo-organisms (NO) were extinct organisms containing only nucleic acids but not proteins. They are considered as ancestors of proteo-organisms (Smith & Szathmary, 1995) . Time interval of the presumed NO occurrence is unknown, which brings interesting conjectures (e.g. origin in the time of previous sun, when assuming NO occurring deeply under planet surface in time of nova explosion).	Various amino-acid derivatives of RNA occurring in primitive PO are assumed to be relict traces of transition organism forms between NO and PO when considering trends to spread original recognition repertoire of nucleic acids in NO (Smith & Szathmary, 1995) . It is a question, whether evolution of nucleic acids in PO maintained or integrated old mechanisms of NO origin. This question also concerns the puzzle of necessarily synchronous changes in chromosome numbers occurring from time to time during evolutionary diversification of species.
Relicts of nucleo-organisms in question	B	Proteo- organisms	Proteo-organisms (PO) are current organisms synthesizing proteins based on genetic code.
Cells composing multi-cellular organisms (M-cells)	A	Living elements	Behavior of some M-cells occasionally looks like that of unicellular organisms (for some details see the corresponding text in right column).	Mainly vertebrate immune cells and cancer cells dissociate from cell-cell conjugates or tissue agglomerates via different mechanisms like protozoans (Alberts et al., 2008) . Proliferation of these cells frequently exceeds current status of cell population/subpopulation renewals. Some of these cells undergo unusually frequent and differently specific hypermutation (Rogozin & Kolchanov, 1992; Dörner et al., 1998; Duquette et al., 2007; Roberts & Gordenin, 2014; Hu et al., 2015; Shilova et al., 2022) .
Cells composing multi-cellular organisms (M-cells)	B	Components of organism	Certain mechanisms of M-cell growth suppression, tissue nourishments and multilevel protective or self-protective machineries exist. In addition, admirable relationships between mitosis and M-cell death contrasting with usual expansion of unicellular organisms can be often observed.