| Category | Intervention group (n = 19) | Control group (n = 10) | p value | ||
| mean ± SD | |||||
| Self-efficacy | positiveness | 3.3 (5.78) | 2.9 (4.48) | 0.845 | n.s |
| control | 2.2 (4.34) | −0.3 (3.47) | 0.126 | n.s | |
| Total score | 5.5 (8.51) | 2.6 (7.09) | 0.361 | n.s | |