Nature of Responsibility | Dimensions of CSR | Primary beneficiaries of CSR | Multinational enterprise context issues and criticisms |
Instrumental | Corporate financial and strategic objectives. Competitive advantage. Economic efficiency. Course-related focus. | Shareholders Employees Business network | Pursuit of solely economic activities benefit all Possibility of social irresponsibility MNE objectives may collide with host country expectations |
Social -Legal-Political | Responsibility to the task environment Responsibility to broader society Legal compliance Adherence to contractual and supra-contractual norms Responsible use of Business power Activism for justice Corporate citizenship duties and obligations | Stakeholders Publics | MNE MUST also benefit ( or at least cause no harm to society everywhere) MNE political involvement should be restricted to the mutually beneficial business environment MNE should comply with all laws, regulations, and social obligations |
Ethical | Adherence to moral and ethical standards and norms Upholding universal values and core human rights Development and implementation of binding codes of conduct | Stakeholders Consumers Publics Nations | MNEs Should uphold universal values and human rights MNEs should conform to transnational codes of conduct MNEs should bring about ethical and value changes whose ethics? |
Environmental | Pursuit of environmental sustainability Ecological sensitivity in business practices Environmental conservation and preservation
| Societies Species Nature Posterity | MNEs should not violate local environmental laws Host governments are responsible Environmental responsibility is not part of CSR |