12) Constants, parameters, numbers (such as subsidies, taxes, standards) | 6) The structure of information flows (who does and does not have access to what kinds of information) |
11) The sizes of buffers and other stabilizing stocks, relative to their flows. | 5) The rules of the system (such as incentives, punishments, constraints) |
10) The structure of material stocks and flows (such as transport networks, population age structures) | 4) The power to add, change, evolve, or self-organize system structure |
9) The lengths of delays, relative to the rate of system change | 3) The goals of the system |
8) The strength of negative feedback loops, relative to the impacts they are trying to correct against | 2) The mindset or paradigm out of which the system—its goals, structure, rules, delays, parameters—arises |
7) The gain around driving positive feedback loops | 1) The power to transcend paradigms |