Social/Family Factors

Friends absence

Few friends

Several friends

Many friends

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

Parental professional encouragement

4.17 (1.27)

4.31 (0.85)

4.28 (0.90)

4.33 (0.89)

Parental school help

2.33 (1.09)

3.16 (1.27)

3.26 (1.14)

3.28 (1.17)

Parental support in low school performance

2.54 (1.35)

3.28 (1.27)

3.41 (1.20)

3.38 (1.26)

Parental encouragement for optimal effort

4.08 (1.28)

4.59 (0.80)

4.67 (0.65)

4.67 (0.66)

Parental knowledge about friendly socializing

3.54 (1.38)

4.17 (1.03)

4.12 (0.95)

4.03 (1.02)

Visit-parents’ informing by teachers about school progress

2.87 (1.34)

3.90 (1.04)

4.12 (0.95)

4.03 (1.02)