Materials

Type in ABAQUS

Modulus of Elasticity, E (MPa)

Poison’s ratio, ν

Density, ρ (kg/m3)

Drucker Prager Parameters

Source

Friction angle, ϕ

Dilation

angle, ψ

Flow stress ratio, K

Wheel & axel

3D deformable

21,0000

0.28

78,500

-

-

-

[24]

Rail

3D deformable

21,0000

0.28

78,500

-

-

-

[25]

Sleeper

3D deformable

39,117

0.3

24,000

-

-

-

[25]

Ballast

3D deformable

320

0.3

1800

54

14.22

0.8

Test result

Sub-ballast

3D deformable

80

0.3

1800

40

11

0.8

[3]

Subgrade

3D deformable

10

0.3

2000

-

-

-

[3]