Serving frequency^†

Men

Women

Total

Non-smoker

Smoker

Total

Premenopause

Postmenopause

Margarine

1.9 ± 1.4

1.9 ± 1.5

1.9 ± 1.3

2.6 ± 1.7*

3.0 ± 1.7

2.5 ± 1.7^§

Butter

1.3 ± 0.9

1.3 ± 0.8

1.4 ± 0.9

1.3 ± 1.0

1.4 ± 1.2

1.3 ± 0.9

Milk

3.4 ± 1.9

3.6 ± 1.9

3.0 ± 1.8^‡

4.3 ± 1.9*

4.2 ± 2.0

4.4 ± 1.9

Yogurt

1.9 ± 1.4

2.0 ± 1.5

1.7 ± 1.0^‡

3.1 ± 1.8*

3.0 ± 1.6

3.2 ± 1.8

Miso soup

5.2 ± 1.6

5.2 ± 1.7

5.1 ± 1.6

4.9 ± 1.6*

5.0 ± 1.6

4.6 ± 1.6^§

Tofu

3.1 ± 1.5

3.1 ± 1.5

3.0 ± 1.4

3.3 ± 1.5*

3.1 ± 1.4

3.5 ± 1.6^§

Natto

2.7 ± 1.5

2.9 ± 1.5

2.2 ± 1.3^‡

3.3 ± 1.5*

3.1 ± 1.5

3.4 ± 1.5^§

Egg

4.2 ± 1.4

4.2 ± 1.4

4.3 ± 1.3

4.4 ± 1.4

4.6 ± 1.4

4.2 ± 1.3^§

Chicken

3.0 ± 1.0

3.0 ± 1.0

2.9 ± 1.0

3.2 ± 1.2*

3.3 ± 1.1

3.2 ± 1.3

Beef or pig

3.2 ± 1.2

3.2 ± 1.1

3.4 ± 1.3^‡

3.7 ± 1.4*

3.8 ± 1.3

3.6 ± 1.5

Lever

1.7 ± 0.9

1.7 ± 0.8

1.7 ± 1.0

1.7 ± 1.0

1.6 ± 0.9

1.7 ± 1.0

Meat products

2.5 ± 1.1

2.5 ± 1.0

2.5 ± 1.2

2.6 ± 1.2

3.0 ± 1.3

2.3 ± 1.1^§

Fish

3.4 ± 1.1

3.4 ± 1.0

3.4 ± 1.2

3.7 ± 1.2*

3.4 ± 1.1

3.8 ± 1.2

Small fish

2.5 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 1.3

2.9 ± 1.5*

2.6 ± 1.4

3.1 ± 1.6^§

Tuna

2.0 ± 0.9

2.0 ± 0.9

2.0 ± 1.0

2.4 ± 1.0*

2.3 ± 0.8

2.4 ± 1.1

Crustacean

2.2 ± 0.8

2.1 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 1.0

2.1 ± 0.9

2.1 ± 0.9

2.1 ± 0.8

Clam

1.9 ± 0.8

1.8 ± 0.7

1.9 ± 0.8

1.8 ± 0.8

1.7 ± 0.7

1.9 ± 0.8^§

Fish egg

1.4 ± 0.6

1.4 ± 0.6

1.4 ± 0.6

1.4 ± 0.8

1.4 ± 0.6

1.4 ± 0.8

S-Fish

2.4 ± 0.8

2.4 ± 0.9

2.4 ± 0.8

2.7 ± 1.0*

2.6 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 1.1

F-Fish

2.3 ± 1.1

2.3 ± 1.1

2.4 ± 1.0

3.0 ± 1.3*

3.0 ± 1.1

3.1 ± 1.3

Potato

2.5 ± 0.9

2.5 ± 0.9

2.4 ± 0.9

2.9 ± 1.0*

2.7 ± 0.9

3.0 ± 1.1^§

Pumpkin

2.2 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 0.8

2.5 ± 1.0*

2.4 ± 0.8

2.6 ± 1.0^§

Carrot

2.9 ± 1.2

2.9 ± 1.1

3.0 ± 1.3

4.1 ± 1.4*

4.2 ± 1.5

4.1 ± 1.4

Broccoli

2.1 ± 0.8

2.1 ± 0.8

2.0 ± 0.8

2.4 ± 1.1*

2.5 ± 1.3

2.4 ± 1.0

Green leafy vegetables

3.3 ± 1.3

3.3 ± 1.4

3.3 ± 1.3

3.9 ± 1.5*

3.9 ± 1.5

3.9 ± 1.5

B-vegetables

3.2 ± 1.2

3.2 ± 1.2

3.3 ± 1.4

3.7 ± 1.3*

3.8 ± 1.2

3.7 ± 1.3

Cabbage

3.6 ± 1.1

3.6 ± 1.1

3.6 ± 1.2

3.8 ± 1.1*

3.8 ± 1.1

3.8 ± 1.2

Radish

2.9 ± 1.0

2.9 ± 1.0

3.0 ± 1.0

3.0 ± 1.1

2.8 ± 1.0

3.1 ± 1.1^§

Dried radish

1.7 ± 1.0

1.7 ± 1.0

1.7 ± 1.0

1.9 ± 0.9*

1.7 ± 0.8

1.9 ± 0.9^§

Burdock

2.0 ± 0.9

2.0 ± 0.9

2.0 ± 1.0

2.2 ± 0.9*

2.1 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 1.0^§

L-vegetables

3.6 ± 1.3

3.6 ± 1.3

3.6 ± 1.3

4.5 ± 1.4*

4.5 ± 1.4

4.5 ± 1.4

Mushroom

2.7 ± 1.3

2.7 ± 1.3

2.6 ± 1.3

3.5 ± 1.3*

3.5 ± 1.3

3.5 ± 1.4

Sea weed

3.1 ± 1.5

3.2 ± 1.5

3.0 ± 1.4

3.8 ± 1.5*

3.6 ± 1.5

3.9 ± 1.5^§

Mayonnaise

2.7 ± 1.2

2.6 ± 1.2

3.0 ± 1.2^‡

2.7 ± 1.3

2.8 ± 1.1

2.6 ± 1.3^§

Deep fried products

2.9 ± 1.0

2.9 ± 1.1

2.9 ± 1.1

3.8 ± 1.3*

3.0 ± 1.0

2.7 ± 1.1^§

Stir fried products

3.8 ± 1.3

3.8 ± 1.3

3.8 ± 1.3

4.9 ± 1.3*

4.9 ± 1.2

4.9 ± 1.3

Citruses

2.9 ± 1.3

3.0 ± 1.3

2.7 ± 1.2

3.7 ± 1.5*

3.4 ± 1.4

3.9 ± 1.6^§

Fruit*

2.4 ± 1.1

2.3 ± 1.1

2.5 ± 1.2

3.0 ± 1.4*

2.9 ± 1.4

3.1 ± 1.5