| Explanatory variables | Production sites | |||||||||||
| Quantitative | Waguso | Wariada | Nyamonyi | Abawa | Kasule coloa | Korando | Aero | Namutoyi | Konyango | Angalo | Wahamblah | Kisui |
| Total Nitrogen % | 0.14abc ± 0.01 | 0.13ab ± 0.00 | 0.12ab ± 0.01 | 0.21d ± 0.01 | 0.13ab ± 0.00 | 0.18bcd ± 0.01 | 0.11a ± 0.01 | 0.12ab ± 0.01 | 0.22d ± 0.01 | 0.20cd ± 0.02 | 0.16abcd ± 0.00 | 0.14abc ± 0.00 |
| Phosphorus (Mehlich) ppm | 62.2ef ± 2.00 | 36.8cd ± 0.15 | 44.8de ± 0.95 | 25.9a ± 1.05 | 16.6 ± 2.90 | 147.6g ± 4.60 | 28.1ac ± 2.00 | 25.3a ± 1.80 | 235.8b ± 1.10 | 177.0bg ± 1.00 | 64.5f ± 1.60 | 231b ± 4.00 |
| Total Org. Carbon % | 1.47a ± 0.04 | 1.04a ± 0.05 | 1.39a ± 0.07 | 2.38a ± 0.07 | 1.42a ± 0.31 | 2.04a ± 0.03 | 1.04a ± 0.97 | 1.36a ± 0.37 | 2.29a ± 0.42 | 2.22a ± 0.44 | 1.81a ± 0.17 | 1.63a ± 0.99 |
| Soil pH-H2O (1:2.5) | 7.0 ± 0.02 | 6.8a ± 0.01 | 6.7a ± 0.02 | 6.7a ± 0.03 | 5.8 ± 0.03 | 6.3 ± 0.01 | 6.8a ± 0.01 | 6.1 ± 0.01 | 6.7a ± 0.03 | 8.0c ± 0.00 | 7.8b ± 0.01 | 7.9bc ± 0.00 |
| Elect. Cond. mS/cm | 0.83 ± 0.01 | 0.36a ± 0.05 | 0.30a ± 0.01 | 0.32a ± 0.02 | 0.17a ± 0.07 | 0.43a ± 0.08 | 0.17a ± 0.07 | 0.16a ± 0.06 | 0.27a ± 0.08 | 0.38a ± 0.03 | 0.37a ± 0.06 | 0.40a ± 0.06 |
| Cat. Exch. Cap. meq % | 15.1abd ± 0.90 | 14.9abd ± 0.10 | 10.8d ± 1.00 | 20.4abc ± 2.50 | 23.1abc ± 3.00 | 33.7c ± 1.88 | 13.1ad ± 0.70 | 14.4abd ± 2.55 | 20.4abc ± 1.55 | 32.2c ± 3.90 | 25.4bc ± 2.50 | 34.2c ± 4.90 |
| Calcium meq % | 46.3abd ± 0.90 | 31.9cd ± 1.20 | 28.6c ± 0.30 | 54.1bg ± 0.20 | 49.8ab ± 7.10 | 76.2eg ± 0.90 | 36.6acd ± 5.50 | 40.6abcd ± 0.70 | 51.3ab ± 2.80 | 118.8f ± 4.60 | 82.4ef ± 1.20 | 104.8ef ± 5.60 |
| Magnesium meq % | 5.9abc ± 0.80 | 4.2abc ± 0.10 | 2.9ac ± 0.80 | 9.7ab ± 0.40 | 6.6abc ± 1.20 | 9.9ab ± 1.50 | 2.5c ± 1.80 | 4.5abc ± 0.40 | 4.5abc ± 1.30 | 6.6abc ± 0.70 | 10.9ab ± 1.00 | 13.5b ± 0.80 |
| Potassium meq % | 1.0a ± 0.15 | 1.2a ± 0.10 | 1.0a ± 0.20 | 1.8a ± 0.90 | 1.2a ± 0.90 | 1.9a ± 1.20 | 1.3a ± 0.20 | 0.7a ± 0.20 | 1.6a ± 0.60 | 2.5a ± 1.50 | 1.8a ± 0.60 | 3.6a ± 0.30 |
| Sodium meq % | 1.6a ± 0.10 | 0.8a ± 0.70 | 0.5a ± 0.40 | 0.2a ± 0.10 | 0.9a ± 0.30 | 0.7a ± 0.50 | 0.1a ± 0.05 | 0.01a ± 0.00 | 1.2a ± 0.10 | 0.6a ± 0.35 | 1.0a ± 0.30 | 0.4a ± 0.30 |
| ESP | 10.6d ± 0.20 | 5.4abd ± 0.50 | 4.6abd ± 0.30 | 1.5abc ± 0.20 | 3.9abd ± 1.00 | 2.1abc ± 1.10 | 0.8ac ± 0.60 | 0.1c ± 0.09 | 5.9bd ± 2.00 | 1.9abc ± 1.20 | 3.9abd ± 0.70 | 1.2abc ± 0.50 |
| Sand % | 60a ± 10.00 | 60a ± 4.00 | 66a ± 7.00 | 54a ± 6.00 | 56a ± 7.00 | 52a ± 5.00 | 72a ± 17.00 | 52a ± 11.00 | 56a ± 10.00 | 60a ± 9.00 | 54 ± 9.00 | 60a ± 15.00 |
| Silt % | 12a ± 4.00 | 6a ± 2.00 | 12a ± 3.00 | 16a ± 6.00 | 10a ± 4.00 | 6a ± 4.00 | 10a ± 4.00 | 20a ± 9.00 | 14a ± 4.00 | 8a ± 3.00 | 10a ± 5.00 | 10a ± 6.00 |
| Clay % | 28a ± 8.00 | 34a ± 6.00 | 22a ± 2.00 | 30a ± 9.00 | 34a ± 8.00 | 42a ± 11.00 | 18a ± 7.00 | 28a ± 7.00 | 30a ± 9.00 | 32a ± 7.00 | 36a ± 5.00 | 30a ± 8.00 |
| Qualitative (binary dummy) |
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| Surrounding Vegetation | P-v/c-W | P-v/c-W | P-v/c-W | P-v/c-W | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F | P-v/c-F |
| Farming methods | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI | PM/MI |
| Crop spacing | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm | 1 - 50 cm/ >50 cm |
| Crop establishment | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D | T/D |
| Fertility | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA | A/nA |
| Agriculture system type | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R | I/R |
| Weed Control | Hw/Cr | Hw/Cr | Hw/Cr | Hw/Cr | Hw | Hw | Hw | Hw | Hw/Cr | Hw/Cr | Hw/Cr | Hw/Cr |
| Cost of weed control | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost | None/Cost |
| H | 0.992 | 0.928 | 1.003 | 1.508 | 1.252 | 0.600 | 0.000 | 0.289 | 0.405 | 0.870 | 0.721 | 1.191 |
| E | 0.715 | 0.669 | 0.723 | 1.087 | 0.903 | 0.432 | 0.000 | 0.208 | 0.292 | 0.627 | 0.520 | 0.859 |
| M | 0.601 | 0.494 | 0.573 | 1.116 | 0.673 | 0.321 | 0.000 | 0.164 | 0.481 | 0.570 | 0.666 | 0.609 |