Evaluation item

Control group

(n = 43)

Study group

(n = 43)

t value

P value

Effective improvement of

clinical thinking

1.49 ± 0.53

2.69 ± 0.84

−7.923

<0.001

Effective improvement of

clinical operation skills

1.95 ± 0.42

2.27 ± 0.53

−3.103

0.003

Effective improvement of

doctor-patient communication skills

1.52 ± 0.36

2.34 ± 0.54

−8.285

<0.001

Effective improvement of clinical risk management capability

1.37 ± 0.29

2.21 ± 0.63

−7.942

<0.001

Effective improvement of

clinical cooperation

1.65 ± 0.37

2.20 ± 0.58

−5.242

<0.001

Effective improvement of

patient-centered service awareness

1.53 ± 0.41

2.26 ± 0.37

−8.668

<0.001

Effective improvement of

problem analysis and solution

1.69 ± 0.58

2.38 ± 0.51

−5.858

<0.001