Series

Test statistic

Critical value

Inference

lnimports

−3.044

−2.928

Stationary

Openness index

−0.917

−2.929

Non stationary

lnproduction

−2.160

−2.930

Non stationary

lnconsumption

−1.655

−2.928

Non stationary

lndomestic price

−0.461

−2.928

Non stationary

lnGDP

−1.623

−2.928

Non stationary

Exchange rate

0.578

−2.928

Non stationary