AKP

CHP

HDP

MHP

Education

−0.0259

0.6173

−0.3838

0.2079

All cities, all elections (2002, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2011)

Education

−0.2001

0.7247

−0.4084

0.1919

Parliamentary elections (2002, 2007, 2011), greater cities4