Domains and Items

Females Mean (SD)

Males Mean (SD)

Mean Difference (95%CI)

Psychosocial Loss

29.02(4.94)

28.34 (4.72)

0.679 (−0.203 - 1.56)^a

Old age is a time of loneliness

Old age is depressing

Difficult to talk about feelings

Old age is a time of loss

Lose physical independence

Difficult to make new friends

Don’t feel involved in society

Feel excluded due to my age

3.11 (1.16)

3.62 (1.04)

3.76 (1.13)

4.13 (.96)

3.51 (1.13)

3.77 (1.22)

3.44 (1.21)

4.42 (0.95)

3.11 (1.01)

3.52 (1.05)

3.66 (1.04)

3.90 (1.02)

3.46 (1.06)

3.68 (1.13)

3.54 (1.15)

4.26 (0.80)

0.003 (−0.192 - 0.199)^a

0.120 (−0.069 - 0.310)^a

0.103 (−0.095 - 0.301)^a

0.221 (0.041 - 0.399)^*

0.052 (−0.148 - 0.253)^a

0.086 (−0.128 - 0.301)^a

−0.093 (−0.309 - 0.122)^a

0.156 (−0.005 - 0.317)^a

Physical Change

26.11 (6.23)

26.76 (5.28)

−0.654 (-1.69 - 0.379)^a

Important to exercise at any age

Growing older is easier than I thought

I don’t feel old

My identity is not defined by my age

I have more energy than expected

Physical problems don’t hold me back

Health is better than expected

Keep fit by exercising

4.58 (0.73)

3.21 (1.19)

3.41 (1.33)

3.35 (1.36)

2.75 (1.3)

2.84(1.34)

2.93 (1.3)

3.11 (1.4)

4.64 (0.59)

3.13 (0.99)

3.36 (1.21)

3.42 (1.26)

2.83 (1.18)

3.05 (1.28)

3.08 (1.2)

3.25 (1.25)

−0.060 (−0.179 - 0.059)^a

0.071 (−0.125 - 0.268)^a

0.050 (−0.180 - 0.280)^a

−0.066 (−0.306 - 0.173)^a

−0.078 (−0.304 - 0.149)^a

−0.245 (−0.484 - 0.006)^*

−0.183 (−0.415 - 0.049)^a

−0.145 (−0.388 - 0.098)^a

Psychosocial Growth

28.88 (4.86)

28.06 (4.70)

0.821 (−0.050 - 1.69)^a

Better able to cope

Growing old is a privilege

Wisdom comes with age

Pleasant things about growing older

More accepting of self

Pass on benefits of experience

My life has made a difference

Want to give a good example

3.28F (0.99)

3.62 (1.04)

3.69 (.94)

3.83 (.91)

3.31 (1.21)

3.63 (1.15)

3.94 (1.01)

3.68 (1.01)

3.12 (0.88)

3.61 (1.05)

3.43 (0.95)

3.79 (0.80)

3.23 (0.98)

3.84 (0.98)

3.57 (1.09)

3.49 (1.03)

0.104 (−0.065 - 0.273)^a

0.004 (−0.186 - 0.193)^a

0.251 (0.080 - 0.422)^**

0.046 (−0.112 - 0.203)^a

0.084 (−0.106 - 0.273)^a

-0.216 (−0.409 - 0.023)^*

0.364 (0.168 - 0.560)^***

0.185 (−0.009 - 0.380)^a