| Cancer type | Active Compound and Structural Formula | Mechanism of action | Cell lines | References | |
| Breast cancer | FLAVONOIDS | Flavanones (C15H10O3) | Inhibition of the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) receptor in the sub-micromolar range by competing with ATP for its binding site. | MCF-7 | [114] [115] |
| Daidzein (C15H10O4) | |||||
| Genistein (C15H10O5) | |||||
| Quercetin (C15H10O7) | |||||
| Luteolin (C15H10O6) | |||||
| ALKALOIDS | Vinblastin (C46H58N4O9) | Cellular microtubules stabilization by binding to β-tubulin subunit, causing interference in their normal breakdown during cell division, with resultant stabilization of the polymer through protection from disassembly. | MDA-MB-231 MCF-7 | [116] [117] [118] [119] | |
| Vincristine (C46H56N4O10) | |||||
| Taxol (C47H51NO14) | |||||
| Noscapine (C22H23NO7) | |||||
| SAPONINS | Saponins (C44H70O17) | Induce cell cycle (G1) arrest, Apoptotic and anti-proliferative activity. | MDA-MB-453, MCF-7 | [120] [121] | |
| TANNINS | Maplexins A (C13H16O9) | Inhibition of cellular proliferation. | MCF-7, MCF7/HER2, JIMT-1 | [122] [123] | |
| CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES | Digitoxin (C41H64O13) | Inhibition of Topoisomerases I and II. | MCF-7, MDA-MD-435 | [124] [125] | |
| Digoxin (C41H64O14) | |||||
| Proscillaridin (C30H42O8) | |||||
| Ouabain (C29H44O12) | |||||
| Leukemia | FLAVONOIDS | Sophoranone (C30H36O4) | Inhibition of cell growth Induction of apoptosis. Induction of phase II metabolizing enzymes such as glutathione-S-transferase, quinine reductase, and UDP-glucuronyltransferase resulting in detoxification and elimination of carcinogens from the body. | U937 cells,HL-60, K562, Jurkat | [126] [127] [128] [129] |
| Genistein (C15H10O5) | |||||
| Apigenin (C15H10O5) | |||||
| Quercetin (C15H10O7) | |||||
| Myricetin (C15H10O8) | |||||
| Chalcones (C15H12O) | |||||