Parameter | Reference range | Study foods | n | 0 W | 2 W | 4 W | 6 W | |||||||
mean ± SD | p value 1 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | ||||
White blood cell count (/μL) | 3300 - 9000 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 5270 ± 1025 | 0.105 | 5360 ± 1161 | 0.275 | 0.605 | 5420 ± 1363 | 0.220 | 0.548 | 5205 ± 1025 | 0.255 | 0.676 |
Placebo | 20 | 5860 ± 1212 | 5865 ± 1677 | 0.985 | 6095 ± 2000 | 0.346 | 5680 ± 1526 | 0.430 | ||||||
Red blood cell count (×104/μL) | M: 430 - 570 F: 380 - 500 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 472.6 ± 38.7 | 0.692 | 477.7 ± 37.7 | 0.223 | 0.209 | 466.8 ± 35.1 | 0.745 | 0.203 | 466.9 ± 39.8 | 0.836 | 0.189 |
Placebo | 20 | 468.1 ± 32.3 | 463.7 ± 33.4 | 0.161 | 463.1 ± 35.4 | 0.344 | 469.3 ± 34.4 | 0.774 | ||||||
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | M: 13.5 - 17.5 F: 11.5 - 15.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 14.3 ± 1.4 | 0.730 | 14.5 ± 1.3 | 0.523 | 0.118 | 14.2 ± 1.3 | 0.907 | 0.709 | 14.2 ± 1.4 | 0.865 | 0.360 |
Placebo | 20 | 14.4 ± 1.3 | 14.2 ± 1.3 | 0.023 | 14.2 ± 1.4 | 0.141 | 14.2 ± 1.3 | 0.074 | ||||||
Hematocrit (%) | M: 39.7 - 52.4 F: 34.8 - 45.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 44.4 ± 3.7 | 0.634 | 44.4 ± 3.2 | 0.285 | 0.919 | 44.9 ± 3.3 | 0.840 | 0.279 | 44.4 ± 3.9 | 0.937 | 0.881 |
Placebo | 20 | 43.8 ± 3.3 | 43.3 ± 3.2 | 0.056 | 44.7 ± 3.5 | 0.082 | 44.5 ± 3.6 | 0.106 | ||||||
Platelet count (×104/μL) | 14.0 - 34.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 27.5 ± 5.8 | 0.977 | 28.1 ± 5.1 | 0.377 | 0.244 | 26.9 ± 4.8 | 0.920 | 0.282 | 27.9 ± 4.6 | 0.980 | 0.492 |
Placebo | 20 | 27.6 ± 3.8 | 26.9 ± 3.8 | 0.220 | 26.8 ± 4.0 | 0.106 | 28.0 ± 4.2 | 0.382 | ||||||
MCV (fl) | 85 - 102 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 94.0 ± 4.1 | 0.791 | 93.3 ± 4.8 | 0.840 | 0.036 | 96.3 ± 4.8 | 0.877 | 0.000 | 95.3 ± 4.5 | 0.744 | 0.000 |
Placebo | 20 | 93.7 ± 2.9 | 93.5 ± 2.7 | 0.428 | 96.5 ± 3.1 | 0.000 | 94.9 ± 3.1 | 0.000 | ||||||
MCH (pg) | 28.0 - 34.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 30.3 ± 1.7 | 0.238 | 30.4 ± 1.7 | 0.495 | 0.207 | 30.5 ± 1.7 | 0.841 | 0.010 | 30.3 ± 1.6 | 0.974 | 0.557 |
Placebo | 20 | 30.8 ± 1.3 | 30.7 ± 1.2 | 0.070 | 30.6 ± 1.2 | 0.020 | 30.3 ± 1.2 | 0.000 | ||||||
MCHC (%) | 30.2 - 35.1 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 32.2 ± 1.0 | 0.016 | 32.6 ± 1.1 | 0.522 | 0.000 | 31.7 ± 0.8 | 0.915 | 0.001 | 31.8 ± 0.8 | 0.645 | 0.017 |
Placebo | 20 | 32.9 ± 0.9 | 32.8 ± 0.8 | 0.276 | 31.7 ± 0.9 | 0.000 | 31.9 ± 0.7 | 0.000 | ||||||
NEUT/leukocyte fractionation (%) | 40.0 - 75.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 54.4 ± 8.3 | 0.661 | 54.7 ± 7.1 | 0.559 | 0.860 | 56.6 ± 8.4 | 0.774 | 0.290 | 55.2 ± 6.2 | 0.662 | 0.594 |
Placebo | 20 | 55.4 ± 6.5 | 56.0 ± 7.2 | 0.666 | 55.9 ± 8.2 | 0.761 | 56.3 ± 8.5 | 0.647 | ||||||
LYMPH/leukocyte fractionation (%) | 18.0 - 49.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 36.0 ± 6.9 | 0.798 | 36.1 ± 6.6 | 0.632 | 0.936 | 34.8 ± 7.9 | 0.998 | 0.518 | 35.6 ± 5.8 | 0.898 | 0.756 |
Placebo | 20 | 35.4 ± 6.6 | 35.0 ± 7.7 | 0.709 | 34.8 ± 7.6 | 0.632 | 35.3 ± 8.6 | 0.925 | ||||||
MONO/leukocyte fractionation (%) | 2.0 - 10.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 6.0 ± 1.0 | 0.193 | 5.8 ± 1.4 | 0.170 | 0.341 | 5.2 ± 1.5 | 0.786 | 0.011 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 0.018 | 0.200 |
Placebo | 20 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | 5.3 ± 1.1 | 0.488 | 5.3 ± 1.4 | 0.723 | 4.9 ± 0.9 | 0.045 | ||||||
EOSINO/leukocyte fractionation (%) | 0.0 - 8.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 3.1 ± 2.1 | 0.929 | 3.0 ± 2.0 | 0.759 | 0.379 | 3.0 ± 2.2 | 0.649 | 0.577 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 0.986 | 0.582 |
Placebo | 20 | 3.1 ± 2.1 | 3.2 ± 2.2 | 0.710 | 3.3 ± 2.2 | 0.222 | 3.0 ± 2.0 | 0.580 | ||||||
BASO/leukocyte fractionation (%) | 0.0 - 2.0 | LC-Plasma | 20 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.278 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.326 | 1.000 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.018 | 0.064 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.384 | 0.838 |
Placebo | 20 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.852 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.269 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.759 |