Male | ||||||||||||||
Parameter | Reference range | Study foods | n | 0 W | 2 W | 4 W | 6 W | |||||||
mean ± SD | p value 1 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | ||||
γ-GT(g-GTP) (U/L) | M: ≤80 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 23.2 ± 10.9 | 0.712 | 21.7 ± 8.9 | 0.864 | 0.189 | 20.6 ± 8.7 | 0.574 | 0.203 | 20.8 ± 7.4 | 0.494 | 0.142 |
Placebo | 10 | 21.6 ± 7.9 | 21.1 ± 6.4 | 0.700 | 23.3 ± 12.1 | 0.616 | 25.5 ± 20.0 | 0.551 | ||||||
CK(CPK) (U/L) | M: 60 - 270 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 142.0 ± 66.7 | 0.087 | 192.6 ± 164.1 | 0.214 | 0.432 | 162.2 ± 119.0 | 0.606 | 0.495 | 150.2 ± 81.1 | 0.509 | 0.690 |
Placebo | 10 | 99.0 ± 30.0 | 122.0 ± 55.7 | 0.096 | 136.8 ± 96.1 | 0.191 | 208.5 ± 261.0 | 0.202 | ||||||
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | M: 40 - 85 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 55.7 ± 8.5 | 0.475 | 53.6 ± 9.7 | 0.425 | 0.173 | 54.5 ± 7.5 | 0.350 | 0.496 | 53.9 ± 8.9 | 0.242 | 0.064 |
Placebo | 10 | 59.6 ± 14.6 | 58.5 ± 16.3 | 0.423 | 59.7 ± 15.4 | 0.882 | 61.3 ± 17.2 | 0.536 | ||||||
Creatinine (mg/dL) | M: 0.61 - 1.04 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 0.91 ± 0.11 | 0.279 | 0.92 ± 0.14 | 0.205 | 0.304 | 0.86 ± 0.12 | 0.518 | 0.010 | 0.88 ± 0.12 | 0.476 | 0.128 |
Placebo | 10 | 0.86 ± 0.10 | 0.86 ± 0.08 | 0.955 | 0.83 ± 0.08 | 0.216 | 0.85 ± 0.08 | 0.505 | ||||||
Uric acid (mg/dL) | M: 3.8 - 7.0 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 6.3 ± 1.0 | 0.081 | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 0.090 | 0.850 | 6.3 ± 1.2 | 0.312 | 0.732 | 6.5 ± 1.0 | 0.057 | 0.030 |
Placebo | 10 | 5.5 ± 0.9 | 5.5 ± 0.8 | 0.885 | 5.9 ± 0.8 | 0.008 | 5.6 ± 0.9 | 0.228 | ||||||
Serum iron (μg/dL) | M: 50 - 200 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 116.0 ± 39.3 | 0.680 | 113.8 ± 29.8 | 0.728 | 0.851 | 100.4 ± 23.2 | 0.542 | 0.177 | 118.7 ± 32.5 | 0.152 | 0.812 |
Placebo | 10 | 107.5 ± 50.7 | 120.0 ± 46.7 | 0.604 | 108.9 ± 36.5 | 0.883 | 93.1 ± 43.3 | 0.428 | ||||||
Female | ||||||||||||||
Parameter | Reference Range | Study foods | n | 0 W | 2 W | 4 W | 6 W | |||||||
mean ± SD | p value 1 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | mean ± SD | p value 1 | p value 2 | ||||
γ-GT (g-GTP) (U/L) | F: ≤30 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 15.3 ± 5.6 | 0.549 | 15.6 ± 5.2 | 0.217 | 0.496 | 14.0 ± 5.0 | 0.321 | 0.039 | 14.7 ± 4.7 | 0.270 | 0.452 |
Placebo | 10 | 16.6 ± 3.7 | 19.2 ± 7.2 | 0.159 | 17.0 ± 7.9 | 0.814 | 17.7 ± 6.9 | 0.382 | ||||||
CK (CPK) (U/L) | F: 40 - 150 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 93.1 ± 51.0 | 0.305 | 84.0 ± 24.6 | 0.477 | 0.498 | 184.5 ± 309.1 | 0.282 | 0.399 | 85.4 ± 17.3 | 0.542 | 0.650 |
Placebo | 10 | 73.4 ± 29.7 | 102.5 ± 76.8 | 0.091 | 75.7 ± 27.3 | 0.812 | 78.9 ± 28.2 | 0.561 | ||||||
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | F: 40 - 95 | LC-Plasma | 10 | 71.0 ± 11.0 | 0.270 | 70.9 ± 12.5 | 0.442 | 0.961 | 67.7 ± 11.2 | 0.123 | 0.048 | 66.2 ± 11.9 | 0.064 | 0.040 |
Placebo | 10 | 78.0 ± 16.0 | 75.0 ± 10.8 | 0.288 | 75.5 ± 10.3 | 0.428 | 77.2 ± 13.0 | 0.758 |