Studies

Study sample

Research methods

Financial indicators

Mamun et al. (2022)

Forty-six countries

Static, dynamic analysis

CO₂ emissions;

GDP growth rate;

Innovative capacity;

Size of equity market.

Meo and Karim (2022)

Ten countries

Quantile Regression

Green bonds;

CO₂ emissions.

Yu et al. (2022)

Sixty emerging and non-emerging economies

Static, dynamic, regression analysis

CO₂ emissions;

GDP growth rate;

Innovative capacity;

Size of equity market.

Hu et al. (2023)

Thirty provinces and municipalities in mainland China

Static, dynamic, regression analysis

CO₂ emissions;

Technological innovation;

Green tax;

Green fiscal expenditure;

Economic growth;

Energy structure;

Population size;

Industrial structure.