Dependent Variables

Call Bid-Ask Spread

Put Bid-Ask Spread

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

Volume

Open Interest

Implied Volatility

Independent Variables

Unemployment (%)

2.101969***

(0.3268943)

Freedom from Corruption

−0.8063508*

(0.1397484)

Business Freedom

−1.069185*

(0.5422312)

Financial Freedom

−0.8867756*

(0.4565407)

Public Debt % Of GDP

0.3305203*

(0.1211476)

GDP per capita

−0.0011759*

(0.0006577)

Property rights

−1.000618**

(0.1824788)

Constant

102.8538**

−4.350308

95.47905***

74.01295***

76.43632**

−12.72088

59.05018*

(49.3788)

(5.029552)

(16.77442)

(12.68622)

(33.72155)

(9.346081)

(28.22754)