Pharmacologic Interventions, Pre-Clinical Studies

Reference

Intervention Investigated

Animal Model

Findings

Tangpong et al.‎‎ [85]

Anti-TNF antibody

Mice treated with systemic doxorubicin (intraperitoneal injection) with/without anti-TNF antibody

- TNF levels in brain tissue were significantly elevated following doxorubicin treatment (p < 0.01)

- Measures of brain mitochondrial function were significantly reduced following doxorubicin treatment (p < 0.05)

- Anti-TNF antibody administration prevented the increase of central TNF levels, as well as the decline in mitochondrial function

Keeney et al.‎ [88]

2-mercaptoethanesulfonate sodium (MESNA)

Mice treated with systemic doxorubicin (intraperitoneal injection) with/without MESNA

- Indicators of oxidative stress (protein carbonyl, protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal) were significantly elevated in the sera and brain tissue of mice following doxorubicin administration (brain: p < 0.01; sera: p < 0.0001 for protein carbonyl, p < 0.001 for protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal)

- Novel Object Recognition (NOR) was significantly reduced in doxorubicin-treated mice (p < 0.05)

- MESNA administration before and after doxorubicin ameliorated the rise of oxidative stress measures in brain (p < 0.01) and sera (p < 0.01 for protein carbonyl, p < 0.05 for protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal)

- MESNA administration prevented the doxorubicin- induced deterioration in NOR

Zhou et al.‎ [106]

Metformin

Mice intra-peritoneally treated with cisplatin with/without metformin

- Exposure to cisplatin significantly reduced performance in the Novel Object and Place Recognition Test (NOPRT) (p < 0.05), an effect that was not exhibited in subjects treated concurrently with metformin