Before using smartphones

After starting to use smartphones

P value

Irritability

None

80

(30.8)

67

(25.8)

0.053

A little

97

(37.3)

94

(36.2)

To some extent

58

(22.3)

73

(28.1)

Severe

15

(5.8)

21

(8.1)

Missing

10

(3.8)

5

(1.9)

Depressed mood

None

86

(33.1)

75

(28.8)

0.054

A little

82

(31.5)

74

(28.5)

To some extent

55

(21.2)

69

(26.5)

Severe

24

(9.2)

34

(13.1)

Missing

13

(5.0)

8

(3.1)

Emotional instability

None

137

(52.7)

126

(48.5)

0.118

A little

64

(24.6)

64

(24.6)

To some extent

32

(12.3)

37

(14.2)

Severe

18

(6.9)

29

(11.2)

Missing

9

(3.5)

4

(1.5)

Difficulty concentrating

None

111

(42.7)

99

(38.1)

0.142

A little

95

(36.5)

99

(38.1)

To some extent

32

(12.3)

40

(15.4)

Severe

11

(4.2)

15

(5.8)

Missing

11

(4.2)

7

(2.7)

Breast distension and tenderness

None

99

(38.1)

87

(33.5)

0.150

A little

68

(26.2)

67

(25.8)

To some extent

64

(24.6)

76

(29.2)

Severe

20

(7.7)

24

(9.2)

Missing

9

(3.5)

6

(2.3)

Fatigue

None

76

(29.2)

62

(23.8)

0.028

A little

83

(31.9)

76

(29.2)

To some extent

67

(25.8)

86

(33.1)

Severe

24

(9.2)

32

(12.3)

Missing

10

(3.8)

4

(1.5)

Rough skin

None

93

(35.8)

86

(33.1)

0.282

A little

76

(29.2)

74

(28.5)

To some extent

60

(23.1)

71

(27.3)

Severe

22

(8.5)

25

(9.6)

Missing

9

(3.5)

4

(1.5)