Statistic (N = 148)

Univariate Descriptive Statistics for IRAQ measured variables

IRAQ1

IRAQ2

IRAQ3

IRAQ4

IRAQ5

IRAQ6

IRAQ7

IRAQ8

IRAQ9

Mean (M)

2.18

2.49

2.76

2.02

1.87

2.64

1.55

2.41

1.81

Standard Deviation (SD)

.91

.87

.85

.84

.91

.92

.81

.85

.83

Skew

.12

−.32

−.71

.37

.63

−.37

1.37

−.14

.65

Kurtosis

−1.03

−.71

−.01

−.69

−.68

−.70

1.02

−.73

−.51

Univariate Normality Tests

Kolmogorov-Smirnov

.21

.29

.35

.23

.26

.28

.37

.25

.26

Shapiro-Wilk

.86

.85

.80

.85

.81

.86

.69

.86

.81

Shapiro-Francia

.86

.85

.81

.85

.82

.86

.70

.87

.81

Anderson-Darling

8.59

10.19

13.96

9.22

11.06

9.14

19.51

9.10

11.52

Cramer-von Mises

1.35

1.87

2.87

1.53

1.74

1.72

3.57

1.62

1.84

Multivariate Normality Tests

Mardia’s Skew

326.06, p < .0001

Doornik-Hansen

49.54 (18), p < .0001

Mardia’s kurtosis

5.12, p < .0001

E-statistic

2.51, p < .0001

Henze-Zirkler’s

1.33, p < .0001

Royston

438.25, p < .0001