Location

Method

Sampling area

Concentrations (ppm)

Reference

Klang valley, Malaysia

OSHA 52 and NIOSH 2541

Histopathology laboratory

0.076 - 0.252 (TWA₈)

0.018 - 2.953 (STEL)

This study

Cagayan de Oro, Philippines

DNPH and DNPH-coated silica

Histopathology laboratory

0.14 - 1.03 (TWA₈)

[4]

Selangor, Malaysia

NIOSH 2541

Anatomy laboratory

0.10 - 0.17 (TWA₈)

2.30 (STEL)

[6]

Tehran, Iran

NIOSH 2016

Anatomy laboratory

0.306 - 0.698 (STEL)

[48]

Piedmont region, Italy

NIOSH 2016

Pathology laboratory

0.012 - 0.454 (TWA₈)

[1]

University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

NIOSH 3500

Anatomy laboratory

0.013 - 0.105 (TWA₈)

[46]

Lisbon and Tagus Valley, Portugal

NIOSH 2541

Histopathology laboratory

0.04 - 0.51 (TWA₈)

[45]

South of France

Passive air monitoring badges

Pathology and anatomy laboratory

0.1 - 0.7 (TWA₈)

0.1 - 20.4 (STEL)

[15]

Tehran, Iran

NIOSH 3500

Pathology laboratory

0.73 - 1.19 (TWA₈)

[14]