| Cognitive Load Type | Description | Example |
| Working Memory | First Pillar with limited capacity; processes a small amount of new information at once | Limited ability to process complex information simultaneously |
| Long-term Memory | Second Pillar with infinite capacity; quality of knowledge impacts information processing in working memory | Quality of prior knowledge affects current information processing |
| Schemas | Third Pillar; mental structures that organize knowledge; aim to help learners develop suitable schemas | Developing mental structures to better understand new information |
| Automation of Schemas | Fourth Pillar; schemas become automated and require minimal mental effort | Information is processed automatically with little to no effort |