10

Han et al. [71]

Year: 2011

Country: United States

Type of study: Descriptive study

Participants: Young gay men

Number: 25

Male: 25

Age: 18 to 39 years [mean―28]

Data collection: Semi-structured interview

Sampling method: Snowball sample

Place: Community-based

Determinants (family influence on HIV risk behaviours)

・ Gender

・ Social environment

・ Ethnicity

11

MacLaren et al. [72]

Year: 2013

Country: Papua New Guinea

Type of study: Multi-method qualitative study

Participants: Unmarried youths, key stakeholders, community members

Number: 482

Male: 272

Female: 210

Age: <25 years

Data collection: In-depth interview, focus group discussion

Sampling method: Purposive sampling

Place: Community-based

Determinants (prevention services)

・ Social support network

・ Culture

12

Rupali et al. [73]

Year: 2007

Country: 22 Pacific island countries territories

Type of study: Descriptive study

Participants: Health care providers

Number: Unknown

Male: Unknown

Female: Unknown

Age: Unknown

Data collection: Questionnaires

Sampling method: Purpose sample

Place: Population-based

Prevalence of known HIV infection

・ PNG: >150 per 100,000 persons

・ French Polynesia, Guam, New Caledonia: 100 per 100,000 persons

・ Tuvalu and other 14 countries: <50 per 100,000 persons

Determinants

・ Ethnicity

13

King et al. [74]

Year: 2011

Country: 13 Asia Pacific countries

Type of study: Descriptive study

Participants: Men and women who had sexual intercourse at least once in the past 12 months with opposite sex

Number: 3957

Male: 2016

Female: 1941

Age: 25 - 74 years

Data collection: Questionnaires

Sampling method: Convenience sample

Place: Population-based

Determinants

・ Sex

14

Phongsavan et al. [75]

Year: 2005

Country: Vanuatu, Tonga, Federated States of Micronesia

Type of study: Descriptive study

Participants: Youths dropped out of school

Number: 1416

Male: 917

Female: 499

Age: 15 - 19 years

Data collection: Questionnaires

Sampling method: Convenience sample

Place: Church-based

Determinants (risk behaviour)

・ Gender

・ Ethnicity

Risk factors for HIV

・ Multiple sexual partners

・ Substance abuse

・ Unprotected sex

15

Meldrum et al. [76]

Year: 2015

Country: Australia

Type of study: Descriptive study

Participants: Young Muslim women

Number: 11

Female: 11

Age: 18 - 25 years

Data collection: Semi-structured questionnaire

Sampling method: Snowball sample

Place: Community-based

Determinants

・ Gender

・ Culture

16

Zenner and Russell, [77]

Year: 2005

Country: Vanuatu

Type of study: Descriptive study

Participants: Government officials, NGO workers

Number: 14

Male: Unknown

Female: Unknown

Age: Unknown

Data collection: Semi-structured questionnaires

Sampling method: Purposive sampling

Place: Health centre-based

Determinants of HIV/AIDS

・ Gender

・ Environment