| Method | Participant | Intervention | Main outcome measure | Main finding | Notes |
Iggman 2014 | Randomised control trial Double-blinded Parallel group Period of study: 5 months | 39 healthy lean individuals with mean age of 27 ± 4 years | Palm oil rich in saturated fatty acid vs sunflower oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid | weight gain (kg) | small difference in body weight changes between the group that received palm oil and sunflower oil [mean difference −0.56 (95% CI −1.20 to 0.08)] | study was carried out for 7 weeks between August- December 2011 in Sweden |
Kien 2005 | Randomised Control Trial Double-blinded Period of study: 8 weeks | 43 healthy, non-obese young adults (21-34 years old) | High Palmitic Acid (source from palm oil) vs High Oleic Acid (source from sunflower oil) | BMI | no difference in BMI changes for both men and women who received palm oil and sunflower oil [mean difference −0.20 (95% CI −2.01 to 1.61) | Conducted in Ohio State University medical Centre, United States |
Kien 2014 | Quasi-randomized, cross-over clinical trial Period of study: 29 days | 9 men and 9 women | High palmitic acid (source from palm oil 89%, peanut oil 6.75%, olive oil 4.25%) vs low palmitic acid with high oleic acid (source from sunflower oil 19.3%, hazelnut oil 43.8%, palm oil 36.9%) | Body weight BMI (kg), | small difference for changes in body weight for men [mean difference 0.01 (95% CI −0.91 to 0.93)] and women [0.01 (95% CI −0.92 to 0.93)] respectively | Study conducted in University of Vermont, United States. This oil was not used for cooking (as cooking oil) but was added with food that has been warmed |
Lucci, 2015 | Randomised control trial Period of study: 3 months | 160 Eligible participants were community-dwelling men and women, aged ≥ 50 years. | Rich extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) diet (n = 82) or hybrid palm oil-rich (HPO) diet (n = 78) | BMI | no difference in BMI changes between the group that received hybrid palm oil and extra virgin olive oil, mean difference 0.60, (95% CI −0.55 to 1.75) | Study location Colombia |
Tholstrup 2011 | Randomized Controlled Double-blinded Period of study 3 × 3 weeks crossover dietary intervention (without washout period) | 32 healthy men (19 - 64 years old) | palm olein vs olive oil vs lard | weight (kg) | no difference in body weight changes between the groups that received palm oil and olive oil [mean difference −0.30, 95% CI (4.56 to 3.96) | study carried out in collaboration between MPOB and Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences University of Copenhagen, Denmark |