| Dependent variable | Measurement | Reference | ||
| Financial_Debt_Ratio | Financial leverage/total debt | | ||
| Interest_Rate | Annual interest rate of lending back | CSMAR | ||
| Loan_Amount | Amount of loan or borrowing | CSMAR | ||
| Loan_Maturity | Ending date of the loan as stipulated in the contract | CSMAR | ||
| Return on Asset (ROA) | Net profit before tax/total asset | | ||
| Return on Equity (ROE) | Net profit before tax/shareholder equity. | | ||