Parameter | Influent (Raw sewage) mean values | UASB reactor effluent | Trickling filter effluent | Final settling tank effluent | Final effluent mean values | Total efficiency of the plant (%) | EPA Ghana guidelines, 2000 |
pH | 7.00 ± 0.26 | 7.17 ± 0.34 | 7.93 ± 0.92 | 7.96 ± 0.15 | 8.04 ± 0.10 | - | 6-9 |
Temperature (˚C) | 25.38 ± 1.89 | 24.06 ± 2.58 | 23.44 ± 2.28 | 23.6 ± 2.46 | 24.49 ± 1.99 | - | ˂30 |
Conductivity (µS/Cm) | 1591 ± 176.7 | 1977 ± 280 | 1729 ± 234 | 1655 ± 319 | 1383 ± 428 | - | 1500 |
Dissolved oxygen (mg/l) | 0.05 ± 0.08 | 0.25 ± 0.26 | 1.49 ± 0.72 | 1.62 ± 0.46 | 1.76 ± 0.70 | - | - |
Turbidity (NTU) | 607.3 ± 143 | 122.9 ± 21.73 | 60.11 ± 30 | 19.43 ± 5.9 | 20.71 ± 7.0 | 96.6 | 75 |
Total solids (mg/l) | 740.4 ± 313 | 340 ± 140 | 314.3 ± 128 | 300 ± 133 | 260.3 ± 101 | 64.8 | 50 |
COD (mg/l) | 1483 ± 750 | 252 ± 81 | 246 ± 116 | 129.3 ± 56 | 129.9 ± 53 | 91.2 | 250 |
BOD (mg/l) | 2095 ± 294 | 68.21 ± 9.26 | 36.12 ± 4.22 | 27.59 ± 6.9 | 23.88 ± 4.50 | 98.8 | 50 |
Oil and grease (mg/l) | 19.62 ± 0.7 | 9.84 ± 0.7 | 3.38 ± 0.4 | 2..09 ± 3.5 | 3.77 ± 0.3 | 0.54 ± 0.5 | 5 |
Colour (TCU) | 5389 ± 307 | 2496 ± 20 | 252.1 ± 47 | 193 ± 11.16 | 162.3 ± 13.4 | 97.0 | 200 |
Ammonia-nitrogen (mg/l) | 66.88 ± 4.10 | 307.9 ± 17.19 | 121.7 ± 21.68 | 39.57 ± 3.94 | 37.73 ± 4.14 | 43.6 | 1 |
Nitrate-nitrogen (mg/l) | 354.6 ± 49.53 | 70.65 ± 1.08 | 195 ± 10.11 | 253 ± 31.81 | 253.2 ± 35 | 28.6 | 50 |
Sulphate (mg/l) | 375.5 ± 53.4 | 112.7 ± 29.2 | 79.57 ± 6.8 | 69.13 ± 6.9 | 65.53 ± 5.45 | 82.5 | 200 |
Phosphate-phosphorus | 36.83 ± 4.0 | 7.17 ± 0.34 | 22.42 ± 0.12 | 8.18 ± 2.52 | 6.71 ± 0.63 | 81.7 | 2 |
Faecal coliform MPN/100ml) | 8.9 × 105 ± 0.7 × 105 | 2.7 × 105 ± 0.4 × 104 | 2.6 × 105 ± 0.4 × 104 | 3.02 × 102 ± 16.31 | 3.78 × 102 ± 16.31 | 99.6 | 400 |