Parameter

Effect on fiber morphology

Solution concentration ­

Fiber diameter ­

Solution concentration ¯

Difficulties in electrospinning resulting in electrospraying

Applied high voltage ­

Fiber diameter ­; Bead defect formation; electrospraying

Applied high voltage ¯

Defects on fiber structure; capillary tip obstruction due to premature solvent vaporization

Flow rate ­

Fiber diameter ­; porosity ­; bead defect formation

Flow rate ¯

Capillary tip obstruction due to premature solvent vaporization

Temperature ­

Capillary tip obstruction due to premature solvent vaporization

Relative humidity ­

Porosity ­

Distance between capillary tip and collector ­

Unstable electric field; process difficulties

Distance between capillary tip and collector ¯

Bead defect formation