Variables

adjustment group (n = 23)

non-adjustment group (n = 29)

P value

Male:Female

13:10

20:9

0.355

Age (years)

62.91 ± 10.48

61.00 ± 9.36

0.317

ASA score (≥3)

13 (52.17%)

22 (79.31%)

0.140

BMI (≥25 kg/m²)

6 (26.09%)

9 (31.03%)

0.696

Pathological T status 3 - 4

14 (60.88%)

23 (79.31%)

0.145

Smoking history

6 (26.09%)

11 (37.93%)

0.366

Diabetes

1 (4.35%)

5 (17.24%)

0.210

Neoadjuvant therapy

2 (8.70%)

3 (10.34%)

0.841

Previous abdominal surgery

3 (13.04%)

7 (24.14%)

0.482

Tumor distance from anal verge (cm)

5.39 ± 1.97

9.91 ± 2.72

P < 0.001