Variable | Sample size | The mean | The standard deviation | The minimum value | The maximum |
RDSpend | 5470 | 5.28 | 1.52 | 0.69 | 7.82 |
R&D | 5470 | 1.58 | 0.45 | 1.09 | 2.25 |
Size | 5470 | 8.69 | 1.91 | 5 | 15 |
Indep | 5470 | 0.62 | 0.14 | 0.41 | 0.86 |
Common | 5470 | 0.85 | 0.35 | 0 | 1 |
SA | 5470 | −1.79 | 0.28 | −2.69 | −0.66 |
Liquidity | 5470 | 0.52 | 0.10 | 3.11 | 1.75 |
Asset | 5470 | 22.65 | 1.41 | 18.37 | 28.64 |
Roa | 5470 | 0.15 | 0.32 | 19.14 | 7.45 |
Growth | 5470 | 0.35 | 4.19 | 0.95 | 21.21 |
Lev | 5470 | 10.11 | 60.69 | 0.04 | 22.71 |
Age | 5470 | 19.92 | 5.36 | 6 | 53 |