| Robot’s Name | Description |
| Robear | A nursing care robot that performs tasks such as assisting the older persons in standing up, or lifting them from a bed into a wheelchair [102] . |
| Pepper | A humanoid robot that can be used in nursing care for older persons with the ability to read and respond to human emotions and this enables it to have conversations with older persons. Pepper’s capabilities can be added through personalization and will include: independent movement; assisting the older persons in everyday tasks like keeping track of bills, assistance in to-do lists; providing health-related assistance like medication reminders, physical exercise, or emergency alarm; providing easy access to technology like access to the internet, smart appliances for home automation, video calls; and providing entertainment like playing music, videos, games, and reading [103] [104] . |
| Care-O-bot 4 | A general purpose service robot that has been given the ability to adapt to different situations, environments, and requirements. The design enables the robot to configure with the situation and is able to create a positive emotional bond on all three levels (behavioral, visceral, and reflective) with necessary social cues provided. The Care-O-bot 4 may be deployed in a variety of environments from home setting to medical assistants and can assume different roles [105] . |
| ASIMO | Stands for Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility, is a humanoid robot that is capable of independent walking and stair climbing. It can also understand preprogrammed gestures and spoken commands, interface with IC communication cards, and recognize voice and faces. ASIMO’s arms and hands give it the capability of doing things like turning on light switches, carry objects, open doors, and push carts. ASIMO has been designed to help those in a society that needs assistance like older persons [106] [107] . |
| Dinsow | An elder care robot designed to assist older persons. It can keep a record of an older persons’ medication and also reminds them when to take them, it also tracks their health and automatically answers calls family or healthcare professionals. It is also capable of setting up a video chat with the family or with healthcare professionals. It is also equipped with a karaoke feature with the purpose of amusing and entertaining the older persons [108] . |
| ElliQ | A companion robot. It is a smart voice assistant integrated with a personality that can help in reminding the older persons with their upcoming calendar appointments, display pictures from family, receive and send messages, play music and videos. It is equipped with a swiveling head and removable tablet and cameras. It is also capable of responding to requests. It can be asked to play games or tell jokes. It can also be asked to suggest activities [109] [110] . |
| MiRo | A companion robot. It is emotionally engaging through the cute and dog- inspired looks and is capable of showing emotion through the display of different colors in the shell part of its body. It is equipped with impressive optical navigating skills, a host of smart sensors for the detection of its surroundings and to tell when it is being stroked or patted, face recognition technology, medication reminders, monitor vital signs, calls for an emergency during cases of falling and more. It is envisioned as a tool that could one day play an essential role in the company for older persons. With the correct programming, MiRo will be able to engage emotionally with older persons. It would be able to provide amusement and companionship while the older persons are alone which alleviates isolation and encourages the older persons to look after themselves [111] [112] [113] [114] . |
| PARO | A companion robot that is modeled after a baby harp seal. It is covered with soft artificial fur to mimic the feeling of touching a real animal and is also antibacterial. It has a diurnal rhythm of the morning, daytime, and night (it gets active during the day and less active at night). It is equipped with 5 different kinds of sensors for the perception of people and the environment: light, posture sensors, tactile, temperature, and audition. It is administered to patients in environments such as hospitals and extended care facilities and allows the documented benefits of animal therapy. It has been found to be effective in reducing stress in patients and their caregivers, it is capable of stimulating interaction between patients and caregivers, it improves the relaxation and motivation of patients, it is also capable of improving the socialization of patients with other patients and caregivers. PARO can be programmed to user preferences and respond to its new name. It responds as if it is alive by moving its head and legs, showing preferred behavior, and making sounds [115] [116] [117] . |
| Resyone | An electric bed embedded with a section that can be separated and converted into a reclining wheelchair that runs on electricity. It is able to help the older persons get out of bed [118] [119] . |
| TREE | A one-hand assistive robot that provides easy-to-understand feedback with the use of video and audio which allows users to visualize on the spot the practice records and contributes to the increase of their motivations towards rehabilitation. This assistive robot also accompanies users during walking rehabilitation. It records and manages data during practice that enable users to review the progress in every training session. It measures foot pressure, checks on the load on each foot on a real-time basis to provide a comfortable training experience [120] ]. |